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houston are you ready for the event

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we are ready for the event

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house committee on science space and

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technology this is mission control

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houston please call station for a voice

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check

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station this is science space and

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technology committee chairman lamar

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we read you loud and clear sir and uh

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welcome aboard your space station

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captain kelly and dr lindgren thank you

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very very much for spending 20 minutes

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with us today we have a number of

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members of congress right here eager to

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ask you questions and we're going to

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keep our questions short to try to get

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as many in as possible and i'll start

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off

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i had a number of questions submitted by

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schools and students back home in my

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congressional district in texas i

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selected one from the winston school in

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san antonio and that question just to be

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directed to both of you is what should

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students study if they want to work for

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well sir nasa is a pretty large

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organization and there's uh you know

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there's all different uh different

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fields um

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that uh our employees have backgrounds

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in but i think you know with specific

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specifically you're talking about like

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engineering and science and

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you know as an astronaut you have to

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have a background in in those kind of

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fields um

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some type of technical degree

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um you know there's a lot of confusion a

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lot a lot of times people think you know

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most of the astronauts come from the

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military and that's not not true um we

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have you know probably an equal mix in

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our office of civilian and military

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personnel but i think one thing they

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have in common is really uh you know

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good performance in their chosen

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technical field and then a really

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diverse um

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you know varied background of the other

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things that they do that's not

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you know part of their professional life

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and what i tell kids is you know they

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should pick something that they

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something that they like and something

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they're interested in because they're

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better uh or more likely to do well at

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and and i would uh sorry i'd just add um

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to what uh scott said that uh when i

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talk to kids um

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that

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want to pursue a career in uh in space

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flight and

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specifically to to get to come up here

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and explore with us that um that they

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need to really focus on on the science

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and math and and those sorts of things

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because that is the the language of

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space flight and they need to be fluent

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thank you very much the ranking member

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is recognized

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thank you very much

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dr lindgren as a former nurse i'm

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thrilled to see a former emergency

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medicine practitioner above the station

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and

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is nasa leveraging your expertise in

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medicine and physiology to reduce the

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risk for long-term space and travel

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and commander kelly thank you as well

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thank you for that question ma'am thank

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you for your your service uh as a nurse

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um

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i think that uh nasa you know when we

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were selected we we definitely take um

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individuals from a variety of career

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fields and so i feel very fortunate to

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represent the biomedical and and

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healthcare professions uh in the

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astronaut office and uh

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i think that uh we certainly

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um i i certainly utilize my background

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in terms of uh teamwork and good

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communication

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being able to work under

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difficult conditions those all that

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training has benefited me up here

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speaking specifically to the the

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biomedical research and

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identifying

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areas and experiments where we can

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help help folks on the ground you know

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we have a whole suite of experiments up

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here 240 experiments during the time

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that i hear i'm here and i think scott

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will have seen 400 different research

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projects so during his year up here many

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of those are biomedical in nature

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looking at

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bone loss muscle wasting

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immune system dysfunction and

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we have uh

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a project that was up here um that scott

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got to work on with uh mice

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plus uh identify areas where we can

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bring results from up here to benefit

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folks back on the ground

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thank you the gentleman from illinois mr

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hoakman

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thank you chairman thank you both for

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your service we are so grateful uh

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captain kelly dr lindgren great to have

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you with us in our committee today i

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talked to my uh local expert my 11 year

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old son cole

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to ask him a question he would want to

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ask you one question was if you know

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what cotton your continent you're over

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right now or how fast you circumvent the

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globe

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and then also what experiment or project

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you're most excited about that you're

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so

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europe and it takes us

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at 17 500

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miles an hour it takes us 90 minutes to

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go around the earth one time so we're

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going pretty fast

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and um as far as projects that uh

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that i'm excited about um

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you know we do so much on board here

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between like the space walks that shell

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and i just did to robotics activities we

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have a visiting vehicle

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coming on sunday should launch tomorrow

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the orbital sciences

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cargo vehicle we're excited about that

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and then the all the research that we do

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and the research is in uh all kinds of

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different

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the categories whether it's research

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that's focused on future exploration

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or research that is focused on

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you know improving life on earth and you

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know both of those are in all different

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kinds of disciplines whether it's

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medical stuff or

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you know for instance a life support

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system here and how we you know

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replenish the environment of oxygen

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scrub it

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of carbon dioxide

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create

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water from our urine use that water to

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produce oxygen is something that's very

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important for exploration and for me you

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know all that stuff is exciting in

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in different ways but i think

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you know the one thing that excites uh

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me the most uh for this particular fight

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is the the idea of being up here for a

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year

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and expanding the envelope about you

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know how people can live and work in

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space for longer periods of time because

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that's what it's going to take uh

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understanding that better for us to

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to you know travel further from our

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planet and hopefully one day go to mars

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the gentleman from maryland miss edwards

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thank you commander kelly dr lendgren uh

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really appreciate your service and

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you're being here with us today um

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commander kelly i understand that you

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have tried the outreaches romaine

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lettuce and i wonder if you could tell

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us about the challenges of

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growing and developing a food supply and

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what that tells you about the things

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that we need to know if we're thinking

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about long-term extended stay and visits

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um that's a a tough question you ask i

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mean i i'm not

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you know i don't quite understand the

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logistics train of of going to mars and

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at what point

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it's more efficient to

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uh grow your own food you know exactly

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the point where it's more efficient to

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grow your own food with the resources

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you need to do that versus maybe

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pre-positioning food there

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um

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but

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you know with the food we had on board

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here it it besides the nutrition and the

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the freshness of it there are other

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things that it does provide i mean we

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live in an environment here now that is

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just pretty much devoid of life except

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for us

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so

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you know there's the nutritional aspect

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of it but also there's a psychological

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aspect about having something else you

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know green up here that's uh that's

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living that we can uh take care of that

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we can see grow and that we can you know

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utilize later as food

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right now we're growing flowers actually

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and you know obviously we're not going

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to eat those but

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you know it's it's to demonstrate our

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ability to grow something else and also

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to see you know what effect that may

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have on us from a psychological

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standpoint one of the things i really

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miss up here

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besides you know human contact and the

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you know my friends and family on earth

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which is pretty much the number one

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thing i miss is

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the ability to be outside and to

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experience nature nature and i think

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having a uh you know ability to grow

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um whether it's something you're going

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to eat or something you're going to look

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at or something that's going to help

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replenish our you know our atmosphere

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that we're you know that we require for

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life

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is something that's very important and i

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think it does have a

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a definite place in the future and our

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journey to mars

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the gentleman from oklahoma mr

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breinstein

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thank you mr chairman and thank you to

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our astronauts i wanted to ask a

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question there's a growing concern among

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members on this committee about the

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orbital debris problem that's in low

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earth orbit and i wanted to ask a

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question about

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some of the precautionary measures i

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know that the chances are remote and the

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probability is low but can you share

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with us what your precautionary measures

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are and also

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how often they occur and if it impacts

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your ability to do your work on the

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yes sir so

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that's a

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pretty

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complicated problem and you know when

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you see the graphics you see all the

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stuff that's flying around the earth the

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space junk and you know chell and i just

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recently went outside and you can see

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all the little dings on the outside of

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the space station they're all over the

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place from stuff that's hit the station

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now fortunately

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you know most of that stuff is small and

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hasn't done any significant damage but

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there is damage done and there's

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obviously the chance of uh

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more significant damage there's

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shielding on many parts of the space

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station outside that will prevent um

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you know some kind of catastrophic uh

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impact from small things and

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and things in orbit stuff that's you

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know coming from

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you know deep space is is is going much

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faster and

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presents even a larger problem but

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there's really nothing we can do about

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about that

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um occasionally we have to move the

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space station

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um we've probably done it since i've

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been up here maybe

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you know the u.s air force can track a

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lot of a lot of stuff but some stuff

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they can't see some stuff we see very

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late and we had a case where

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you know i had to close all i don't know

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maybe 20 hatches on the u.s side of the

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space station and we had to go down to

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you know the time of closest approach to

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pass because we didn't have time to move

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the space station so there is uh

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you know there are things we can do to

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mitigate mitigate the risk

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with shielding with moving the space

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station with sheltering in place should

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we not have the the time to do that but

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i think

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space is very important um you know

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technology today relies on it and i

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think we really need to protect

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the uh

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the environment that our satellites

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fly in and

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you know by not creating any more debris

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and you know potentially looking at ways

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to reduce the debris that currently

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exists because that is such a critical

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capability uh for our nation and for the

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world

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the gentleman from virginia mr beyer

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thank you mr chairman and uh commander

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and doctor thank you so much for your

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heroic service for stretching our

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imagination and all of our science we

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have a complicated relationship with

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russia right now difficult geolo

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political situation how is it going with

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your russian colleagues and do you share

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all of your data with them and are they

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yeah so you know russia's really been a

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great partner uh for us on the space

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station and that's one of the things

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that um is great about this program uh

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you know besides the the research value

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and the you know the exploration um

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capability it provides

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uh you know the international

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partnership and the uh

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uh you know providing a place and a uh

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and goals and

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you know a program for us to work on

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jointly with other nations has been

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really one of the

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you know the shining

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uh points of this uh space station you

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know relationship uh that we've had as

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far as the cosmonauts and them

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specifically you know we rely on each

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other for our lives and you know we have

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to count on one another whether it's you

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know them counting or us on us us

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counting on them our other international

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partners so

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you know

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any difficulties that are and conflict

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that our country's experience

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is something that you know although we

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recognize that there's that stuff goes

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on and occasionally we talk about it it

361
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doesn't affect our relationship up here

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because you know we're all professionals

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we understand the reality of you know

364
00:14:10,150 --> 00:14:08,399
we're having to rely on one another i'll

365
00:14:12,310 --> 00:14:10,160
be up here with uh

366
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you know when these guys leave here next

367
00:14:16,069 --> 00:14:13,519
week

368
00:14:18,230 --> 00:14:16,079
i'll be up here with two cosmonauts for

369
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you know five days i was up here as the

370
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only uh with two russian guys for six

371
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weeks

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00:14:25,269 --> 00:14:23,760
in the summer and if there was something

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that was to happen to me any kind of

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medical emergency those guys would be my

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doctor i mean i have to really

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count on them from my my life and

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you know vice versa so you know we have

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a great relationship and i think that

379
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the international aspect of this program

380
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has really been one of the highlights of

381
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it

382
00:14:48,629 --> 00:14:42,800
the gentleman from johnson space center

383
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this is dr brian babbitt and you and i

384
00:14:54,629 --> 00:14:52,320
met

385
00:14:57,670 --> 00:14:54,639
scott just a few weeks before you

386
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launched we had a great visit at johnson

387
00:15:01,829 --> 00:15:00,800
space center i got to talk with dr jeff

388
00:15:04,389 --> 00:15:01,839
davis

389
00:15:06,710 --> 00:15:04,399
uh who was doing some of the experiments

390
00:15:09,189 --> 00:15:06,720
and uh the comparisons between you and

391
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your your brother mark and i am a

392
00:15:13,670 --> 00:15:10,399
dentist

393
00:15:15,990 --> 00:15:13,680
and i try to uh i still have a great

394
00:15:17,509 --> 00:15:16,000
interest in my my my profession and i

395
00:15:19,829 --> 00:15:17,519
wanted to find out

396
00:15:23,829 --> 00:15:19,839
uh i know your your partner just wanted

397
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to thank him too as well dr lundgren um

398
00:15:28,310 --> 00:15:26,399
lindgren i appreciate your service

399
00:15:30,310 --> 00:15:28,320
i wanted to ask you

400
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both of you what your oral health

401
00:15:34,629 --> 00:15:32,000
situation is

402
00:15:37,670 --> 00:15:34,639
and also your general health

403
00:15:40,230 --> 00:15:37,680
from your long-term exposure to uh to

404
00:15:42,629 --> 00:15:40,240
weightlessness and zero gravity and have

405
00:15:44,629 --> 00:15:42,639
you had any uh situations where you've

406
00:15:47,430 --> 00:15:44,639
had a problem there and do you have any

407
00:15:55,829 --> 00:15:47,440
long-term uh concerns about that and

408
00:15:59,030 --> 00:15:58,310
well thank you for the question sir um

409
00:16:01,509 --> 00:15:59,040
you know

410
00:16:03,509 --> 00:16:01,519
the the uh the philosophy of our medical

411
00:16:05,590 --> 00:16:03,519
care system is really one of prevention

412
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and identifying uh the healthiest people

413
00:16:09,829 --> 00:16:08,480
possible um to select into the astronaut

414
00:16:11,990 --> 00:16:09,839
office

415
00:16:14,629 --> 00:16:12,000
to maintain their health uh at the

416
00:16:16,949 --> 00:16:14,639
highest levels in preparation for flight

417
00:16:18,710 --> 00:16:16,959
it's it's expensive to uh of course to

418
00:16:20,790 --> 00:16:18,720
bring a lot of tools and

419
00:16:22,470 --> 00:16:20,800
equipment up to the space station

420
00:16:25,350 --> 00:16:22,480
so we have we do have a medical

421
00:16:27,269 --> 00:16:25,360
capability up here uh both medical and

422
00:16:29,189 --> 00:16:27,279
and uh dentistry capability but it's

423
00:16:31,430 --> 00:16:29,199
fairly limited and so

424
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um because of our proximity to the earth

425
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if we really had any significant

426
00:16:38,230 --> 00:16:35,440
emergencies uh it's always

427
00:16:40,310 --> 00:16:38,240
um most desirable to to get the affected

428
00:16:41,829 --> 00:16:40,320
crew member uh evacuated back to the

429
00:16:43,430 --> 00:16:41,839
earth now this is something of course

430
00:16:45,030 --> 00:16:43,440
that uh we're gonna have to really think

431
00:16:46,790 --> 00:16:45,040
about as we start

432
00:16:48,870 --> 00:16:46,800
uh venturing deeper into our solar

433
00:16:50,949 --> 00:16:48,880
system a trip to mars is is not gonna

434
00:16:54,069 --> 00:16:50,959
have the luxury of a quick evacuation

435
00:16:55,110 --> 00:16:54,079
and so we will have to um identify

436
00:16:57,350 --> 00:16:55,120
uh

437
00:16:59,670 --> 00:16:57,360
a more robust medical care and dentistry

438
00:17:01,509 --> 00:16:59,680
care program so i think for both of us

439
00:17:03,509 --> 00:17:01,519
and really for all of us here on the

440
00:17:05,350 --> 00:17:03,519
space station are

441
00:17:07,429 --> 00:17:05,360
we we're in excellent health when we

442
00:17:09,350 --> 00:17:07,439
launch and we try to maintain that level

443
00:17:11,669 --> 00:17:09,360
of health up here with just good

444
00:17:14,710 --> 00:17:11,679
preventive practices hygiene

445
00:17:16,470 --> 00:17:14,720
oral hygiene and and then also counter

446
00:17:18,150 --> 00:17:16,480
measures including exercise and we're

447
00:17:20,870 --> 00:17:18,160
actually standing right next to our

448
00:17:23,909 --> 00:17:20,880
exercise bike we have a treadmill and a

449
00:17:27,029 --> 00:17:23,919
a resistance exercise machine um in no

450
00:17:28,870 --> 00:17:27,039
in one of our other modules and and and

451
00:17:30,310 --> 00:17:28,880
those are critically important to our

452
00:17:31,750 --> 00:17:30,320
our long-term health so that when we

453
00:17:34,470 --> 00:17:31,760
turn back to the earth that we've

454
00:17:35,909 --> 00:17:34,480
maintained our bone density and strength

455
00:17:37,350 --> 00:17:35,919
our muscle strength

456
00:17:40,789 --> 00:17:37,360
and

457
00:17:42,549 --> 00:17:40,799
those things are going to be very

458
00:17:44,630 --> 00:17:42,559
important for a long duration

459
00:17:46,230 --> 00:17:44,640
mission as well i regret we only have

460
00:17:47,590 --> 00:17:46,240
time for one more question quick

461
00:17:50,150 --> 00:17:47,600
question and that goes to the gentleman

462
00:17:52,070 --> 00:17:50,160
from colorado mr promoter thank you and

463
00:17:53,990 --> 00:17:52,080
gentlemen thank you for your service to

464
00:17:57,029 --> 00:17:54,000
the nation and to the future

465
00:17:59,350 --> 00:17:57,039
and my question is and i'm very happy dr

466
00:18:02,150 --> 00:17:59,360
lindgren you've got so many degrees from

467
00:18:03,990 --> 00:18:02,160
institutions in colorado my question we

468
00:18:06,549 --> 00:18:04,000
heard in a panel

469
00:18:09,510 --> 00:18:06,559
a couple weeks ago that the planets line

470
00:18:11,190 --> 00:18:09,520
up in 2033 that's the best time to get

471
00:18:13,430 --> 00:18:11,200
our astronauts

472
00:18:21,270 --> 00:18:13,440
to mars do you guys think that's

473
00:18:27,350 --> 00:18:23,669
well i think um

474
00:18:29,110 --> 00:18:27,360
i personally think it's feasible um

475
00:18:31,430 --> 00:18:29,120
you know there's still things we need to

476
00:18:34,150 --> 00:18:31,440
learn but i think we've learned a lot uh

477
00:18:35,990 --> 00:18:34,160
from this space station uh and our

478
00:18:38,950 --> 00:18:36,000
experience in space

479
00:18:41,110 --> 00:18:38,960
and i think um you know the long pole in

480
00:18:42,789 --> 00:18:41,120
our in the tent so to speak for going to

481
00:18:45,029 --> 00:18:42,799
mars is the uh

482
00:18:47,270 --> 00:18:45,039
you know the support of uh you know the

483
00:18:49,270 --> 00:18:47,280
nation the support of the support of our

484
00:18:51,029 --> 00:18:49,280
uh representatives and government and of

485
00:18:52,710 --> 00:18:51,039
course the money i mean it's expensive

486
00:18:54,789 --> 00:18:52,720
and we have you know

487
00:18:55,590 --> 00:18:54,799
different priorities but i think it's a

488
00:18:57,029 --> 00:18:55,600
trip

489
00:18:58,950 --> 00:18:57,039
that is uh

490
00:19:00,870 --> 00:18:58,960
you know is worth the investment i think

491
00:19:05,029 --> 00:19:00,880
there are

492
00:19:07,669 --> 00:19:05,039
intangible we get from investing in

493
00:19:09,350 --> 00:19:07,679
space flight and i think mars is a

494
00:19:12,150 --> 00:19:09,360
you know a great goal for us and i

495
00:19:13,029 --> 00:19:12,160
definitely think it's achievable

496
00:19:15,590 --> 00:19:13,039
uh

497
00:19:17,430 --> 00:19:15,600
captain kelly and dr linden were out of

498
00:19:19,590 --> 00:19:17,440
time but we appreciate the 20 minutes

499
00:19:21,669 --> 00:19:19,600
you have spent with us today

500
00:19:24,230 --> 00:19:21,679
we certainly wish you well and look

501
00:19:31,110 --> 00:19:24,240
forward to your safe return to earth

502
00:19:38,230 --> 00:19:33,430
thank you so much

503
00:19:39,750 --> 00:19:38,240
we really appreciate the opportunity to

504
00:19:41,830 --> 00:19:39,760
speak with you all

505
00:19:49,029 --> 00:19:41,840
and we also wanted to wish congresswoman

506
00:19:53,350 --> 00:19:50,630
station this is houston acr that

507
00:19:54,789 --> 00:19:53,360
concludes the event thank you

508
00:19:56,789 --> 00:19:54,799
thank you chairman smith and committee

509
00:19:58,710 --> 00:19:56,799
members station we're now resuming